Format Encyclopedia

File Format Encyclopedia

What every file extension actually is, how to open it, and how to convert it on iPhone, iPad or Mac — entirely on-device.

Image formats

AVIF

The AV1-based successor to WebP — smaller files than either JPEG or WebP, but the newest format your phone or browser is likely to encounter.

.avifRead

BMP

Windows' original uncompressed image format — simple, huge, and still generated by some legacy software and screenshot tools.

.bmpRead

DNG

Adobe's open camera-RAW format — the one RAW variant that isn't tied to a single camera brand.

.dngRead

GIF

The 1987 format that refuses to die — capped at 256 colors, but still the universal way to share a short, looping animation.

.gifRead

HEIC

Apple's default photo format since iOS 11 — half the size of JPEG at the same quality.

.heicRead

ICO

The Windows icon and favicon container — the one image format built to hold several sizes of the same picture at once.

.icoRead

JP2

The wavelet-based JPEG successor that never went mainstream — still the standard in medical imaging, digital cinema, and satellite photography.

.jp2Read

JXL

The royalty-free successor to JPEG — smaller files, lossless recompression of old JPEGs, and support that's still catching up across apps.

.jxlRead

PNG

The lossless, transparency-friendly format that never throws away a pixel — and the one Filemorph's background removal always outputs.

.pngRead

RAW

Uncompressed camera-sensor data — CR2, NEF, ARW, and other vendor extensions that hold everything a JPEG throws away.

.rawRead

SVG

The one common image format that isn't made of pixels — text-based drawing instructions that stay sharp at any size.

.svgRead

TIFF

The uncompressed (or losslessly compressed) format professional printing, scanning, and archiving still standardize on.

.tiffRead

WebP

Google's web image format — smaller than JPEG or PNG, but plenty of older software still can't open it.

.webpRead

Document formats

CSV

The plain-text spreadsheet format every data tool can read — and the common language Filemorph uses to move data between JSON, Excel, and PDF.

.csvRead

DOCX

The Word document format that's actually a ZIP file underneath — and one of the few formats Filemorph both reads and writes.

.docxRead

EPUB

The open ebook standard nearly every e-reader supports — except the one made by the company that sells the most ebooks.

.epubRead

JSON

The data format behind nearly every app and API — readable by people, and the one thing Filemorph can turn straight into a spreadsheet.

.jsonRead

MOBI

The older Kindle ebook format Amazon has since moved past — Filemorph reads it in one direction, into EPUB.

.mobiRead

Markdown

Plain text with lightweight formatting marks — and the one text format Filemorph can pull straight out of a PDF, a DOCX, or an Excel sheet.

.mdRead

OFX

The transaction-data format banks hand off to accounting software — imported by Quicken, GnuCash, and Xero, never opened like a normal document.

.ofxRead

PDF

The one document format built to look identical everywhere — and the format Filemorph can merge, split, compress, sign, and pull data out of, all on-device.

.pdfRead

RTF

Microsoft's 1987 plain-text-plus-formatting format — still the one nearly every word processor and text editor can open without a plugin.

.rtfRead

XLSX

Excel's modern spreadsheet format — and, on iOS 26, one of the few things Filemorph can build directly out of a PDF's tables.

.xlsxRead

Audio formats

Video formats

Archive formats

CAD formats

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